Here is the stack track, it explains the issue.

Debug info: Field tag_instance->tiuserid cannot be added. Not null fields added to non empty tables require default value. Create skipped
Stack trace:

• line 579 of /lib/ddl/database_manager.php: ddl_exception thrown
• line 243 of /lib/db/upgrade.php: call to database_manager->add_field()
• line 1309 of /lib/upgradelib.php: call to xmldb_main_upgrade()
• line 252 of /admin/index.php: call to upgrade_core()

Looking at line 242 in /lib/db/upgrade.php contains the following line: $field->set_attributes(XMLDB_TYPE_INTEGER, '10', XMLDB_UNSIGNED, XMLDB_NOTNULL, null, null, 'itemid');

Changing this to: $field->set_attributes(XMLDB_TYPE_INTEGER, '10', XMLDB_UNSIGNED, XMLDB_NOTNULL, null, 0, 'itemid'); fixes the issue. It is also possible to set the other field to XMLDB_NULL instead.