Enable the LDAP auth plugin.
Edit the ldap settings like this...
Host URL: ldap://ldap.forumsys.com/
Distinguished name: cn=read-only-admin,dc=example,dc=com
Password: password
Contexts: dc=example,dc=com
User attribute: uid
Now visit the test ldap page (admin/settings.php?section=manageauths => "Test settings" for the LDAP row)
1. Verify you see: "Connecting to your LDAP server was successful"
Now change the Host URL to something that doesn't exist.
Now visit the test ldap page.
2. Verify you see an error like "LDAP-module cannot connect to any servers: Server: 'ldap://ldap.forumsys.com.nope/', Connection: 'Resource id #851', Bind result: ''
Change the Host URL back and change the version from 3 to 2. Remove the "Distinguished name" and "password" settings.
Now visit the test ldap page.
3. Verify you see an error like "Its is very unlikely a modern LDAP server uses LDAPv2 protocol. Wrong settings can corrupt values in user fields. Check with your LDAP administrator.
Change the version back to 3 and add 2 semicolons at the end of the "Contexts" setting.
Now visit the test ldap page.
4, Verify you see an error like "Empty context found."