I think MDL-77468 may have had an unintended consequence of preventing the address field being returned by user_get_user_details().

I initially discovered this by a webservices API call to core_user_get_users_by_field. When I upgraded from 3.11 to 4.1.10, it stopped returning the address field in the response.

I think this is because function user_get_user_details() in /user/lib.php now calls get_identity_fields() (in /user/classes/fields.php) in order to determine which fields are returned. This function seems to rely on the showuseridentity setting, which itself can never allow the display of the address (see the setting definition in /admin/settings/users.php) and nor would it be suitable given the main purpose of that setting (the wide use of this setting is also evident in MDL-67738). I am not sufficiently familiar with the Moodle code and settings to know how to change this.